7. Financing and support
Slovakia
Last update: August, 2018
In 2006, public expenditure on culture from the state budget was SKK 846 per capita (ca euro 24.5). In 2006, public expenditure on culture from the budget of territorial self-administration was SKK 734 per capita (ca euro 21.3). In 2006, total public expenditure on culture from the budget of public finances was SKK 1 580 per capita (ca euro 45.8). It is important to note that the per capita calculations were elaborated according to the number of inhabitants of the Slovak Republic on 31 December 2006 - 5 393 637 persons.
Table 4: Development of the share of expenditure in cultural and public education activities to GNP in the Slovak Republic, 1999-2006
Year | Development Index (1998 = 100) | Share of GDP (%) | Share of all public budgets (%) |
---|---|---|---|
1999 | 100 | 0.112 | 0.373 |
2000 | 117 | 0.119 | 0.415 |
2001 | 127 | 0.119 | 0.434 |
2002 | 133 | 0.115 | 0.379 |
2003 | 134 | 0.107 | 0.340 |
2004 | 135 | 0.097 | 0.317 |
2005 | 146 | 0.095 | 0.351 |
2006 | 164 | 0.095 | 0.351 |
Source: Národné osvetové centrum (Analysis of local and regional culture, 2007).
In the study paper The Analysis of Local and Regional Culture (Analýza miestnej a regionálnej kultúry) (National Education Centre, 2007), it is stated that the absolute growth of expenditure invested in culture in the Slovak Republic, during the period of 1993 - 2006, gives evidence of a global trend - the support of culture from public sources. In order to calculate correct data on the real growth of expenditure invested in culture, it is necessary to correct the nominal growth by the inflation index during the monitored period. This corrected trend of real growth (calculated by the inflation index) is given in the following Table.
Table 5: Updated index from public budgets, 1993-2006
Year | Updated index from public budgets, total |
---|---|
1993 | 100 |
1994 | 72 |
1995 | 86 |
1996 | 97 |
1997 | 94 |
1998 | 97 |
1999 | 78 |
2000 | 81 |
2001 | 69 |
2002 | 87 |
2003 | 81 |
2004 | 79 |
2005 | 78 |
2006 | 86 |
Source: Národné osvetové centrum (Analysis of local and regional culture, 2007).
Last update: August, 2018
The overall budget in relation to the budget for the Ministry of Culture, for the period 2005 - 2008, is outlined in Table 6:
Table 6: State budget and budget of the Ministry of Culture, in SKK, 2005-2008
Year | Total state expenditure* | Expenditure of the MKSR** | % share of total |
---|---|---|---|
2005 | 318 749 891 000 | 3 786 622 000 | 1.19 |
2006 | 302 787 092 000 | 4 563 583 000 | 1.50 |
2007 | 319 775 334 000 | 4 093 610 000 | 1.28 |
2008 (draft) | 344 248 371 000 | 5 114 567 000 | 1.49 |
Source: Ministry of Finance of the Slovak Republic http://www.finance.gov.sk.
* Expenditures from EU budget not included.
** Budget funds spent on programmes by the MK SR (including contribution to religion).
The territorial self-administration share of the financial support of culture is approximately equal to the share spent by the Ministry of Culture. This balance is a result of the transfer of competences in the area of local and regional culture and the public finances of the territorial self-administration (see chapter 1.2.3). As regards the coming years, it will be necessary to implement a more detailed methodology regarding the monitoring of public expenditure invested in culture at all levels of the public sector, in order for it to be possible to monitor the structured funding of public investment in culture, and to define a joint common strategy for furthering cultural development with the participation of central, regional and local public administrations. The basic regulation in the area of the financing of culture in the Slovak Republic should become the Act on Financing Culture, currently being prepared by the government.
The volume of funds earmarked for culture from the budgets of public administration is outlined below:
Table 7: Public cultural expenditure: by level of government, in million SKK, 2006
Level of government | Total expenditure | % share of total |
---|---|---|
State | 4 563.6 | 53.5 |
Regional (self-governing regions - VÚC) | 1 387.5 | 16.3 |
Local (municipalities) | 2 572.9 | 30.2 |
Total | 8 524.0 | 100.0 |
Source: Ministry of Finance of the Slovak Republic, Datacentrum.
Last update: August, 2018
In the Slovak Republic, there are no central, detailed statistics regarding the distribution of public finances according to the purpose of their use, with regard to individual areas of culture, and types of cultural activities made at the level of regional and local self-government.
The specification of itemisation of public expenses invested in culture therefore exclusively includes the itemisation of the budget of the Ministry of Culture of the Slovak Republic according to individual areas.
Table 8: State cultural expenditure: by sector, in thousand SKK, 2005-2007
Programme / area of activities | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2007 -% of programme | 2007 % of Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
A. Creation, propagation, protection and presentation of cultural values - cultural organisations - of the MKSR | 2 033 018 | 2 101 842 | 2 193 696 | 100 | 53,6 |
theatres and drama | 629 000 | 632 727 | 640 896 | 29.2 | 15.7 |
music, concerts and chorus lines / troupes | 284 961 | 345 686 | 423 903 | 19.3 | 10.3 |
fine art, architecture, design | 31 230 | 31 035 | 36 755 | 1.7 | 0.9 |
Audio-visual and media | 126 524 | 114 828 | 164 344 | 7.5 | 4.0 |
libraries and library services | 351 290 | 321 203 | 326 045 | 14.8 | 8.0 |
museums and galleries | 342 954 | 394 383 | 319 318 | 14.6 | 7.8 |
public education and folk art | 97 613 | 82 964 | 84 518 | 3.9 | 2.1 |
protection of monuments | 125 769 | 134 196 | 133 844 | 6.1 | 3.3 |
literature and book culture | 18 460 | 18 556 | 20 573 | 0.9 | 0.5 |
other activities | 9 217 | 9 264 | 3 500 | 0.2 | 0.1 |
Matica slovenská | 16 000 | 17 000 | 40 000 | 1.8 | 0.9 |
B. Creation, propagation, protection and presentation of cultural values - grant system of the MKSR | 470 000 | 738 590 | 490 961 | 100 | 12.0 |
Art | 100 000 | 100 000 | 110 277 | 22.4 | 2.7 |
culture of national minorities | 80 000 | 160 000 | 87 628 | 17.9 | 2.2 |
‘Renewing Our House' (historic landmarks) | 105 000 | 117 000 | 107 783 | 22.0 | 2.6 |
Ex libris | 80 000 | 85 000 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Audio-visual | 85 000 | 150 000 | 109 905 | 22.4 | 2.7 |
Pro Slovakia | 20 000 | 26 590 | 20 676 | 4.2 | 0.5 |
Support for attendance of cultural activities | 0 | 100 000 | 325 | 0,1 | 0,0 |
Culture of disadvantaged groups | 0 | 0 | 6 000 | 1.2 | 0.1 |
Intangible (Immaterial) cultural heritage | 0 | 0 | 23 280 | 4.7 | 0.6 |
Activities of national memorial institutions | 0 | 0 | 25 087 | 5.1 | 0.6 |
C. Creation and implementation of policies | 1 283 604 | 1 723 151 | 1 408 953 | 100 | 34.4 |
Conception of cultural policy, management and co-ordination of programmes | 408 127 | 843 122 | 479 987 | 34.1 | 11.7 |
Churches and religious associations | 875 477 | 880 029 | 928 966 | 65.9 | 22.7 |
TOTAL A+B+C | 3 786 622 | 4 563 583 | 4 093 610 | - | 100 |
Source: Ministry of Culture of the Slovak Republic.
* Apart from budgetary expenses disposed by the Ministry of Culture of the Slovak Republic designated for co-financing of sub-programmes within budgetary programmes of other sectors (the National Economic Development Office of the Slovak Republic).
See chapter 7.2.2 to chapter 7.2.3.
Last update: August, 2018
The Art Funds represent a special tool for authors and interpreters in Slovak culture. Pursuant to Act No. 13/1993 on Art Funds, the art funds are public, non-profit institutions with self-governing administrations. The funds have been established with the purpose to support creative literary, scientific and artistic activities in the following areas:
- Literary Fund for the areas of literary arts (original and translated literature, literary science and criticism), theatre, films, radio, TV and entertainment arts;
- Music Fund for the areas of classical and popular music, as well as for musical sciences and criticism; and
- Visual Arts Fund for areas of visual arts, architecture, photography, restoration arts, design and visual arts, sciences and criticism.
Financial sources for the funds come from:
- contributions from royalties for authors and performance artists (amounting 2%);
- contribution for usage of free artistic works in entrepreneurial activities;
- contributions from users of artistic works; and
- contributions from manufacturers and importers of un-recorded media ("blank tape levy").
The funds provide scholarships, production grants, awards, travel contributions, loans for supporting creative activities and other forms of support (social contributions for pensioners etc.). The funds may establish and administer their foundations in accordance with special regulations. The funds administer facilities designated for creative or recreation activities of authors, performance artists and other people actively involved in the artistic circles.
Last update: August, 2018
In the majority of artistic areas, a number of awards are granted and annual contests in various categories are organised in Slovakia. The activities are organised by professional artists' associations, foundations, private sponsors, as well as by some governmental institutions or organisations administered by regional public administration (regions). Some of the awards are financial in nature. The best-known awards are:
- Dosky (awards for theatre arts);
- National Award for Design;
- Martin Benka Award (visual arts);
- Oskar ÄŒepan Award (contest for visual arts up to 35 years of age);
- Emil Belluš Award (for life achievement in the area of architecture);
- Dušan JurkoviÄ Award (contemporary architecture);
- Cezar (annual awards for architecture);
- Tatrabanka Award for Arts;
- Literary Fund Annual Awards;
- Anasoft Litera (award for Slovak literature);
- Ján Hollý Award (for artistic translation);
- Sun in Net (for audiovisual production); and
- Aurel (annual awards for popular music and jazz).
The Art Funds (see chapter 7.2.2) grant scholarships to artists for the preparation and production of new artistic or scientific works or translations.
The awards and contests are also part of several culture events organised in Slovakia (see chapter 1.4.3).
Some non-profit organisations provide grants for artistic production, and organise training and educational programmes, and other events. One of the most important non-profit organisations in the area of arts is the Centre for Contemporary Arts Foundation (former Soros Centre for Contemporary Arts) that has been active since 1993. Besides its support activities (grant schemes), some of its most important activities include organising training and workshops for artists and culture managers, and exhibition activities, publication activities and an annual auction of contemporary Slovak visual arts.
Last update: August, 2018
In Slovakia, there are professional artists associations in every area of artistic professional production, amateur production, artistic translation, journalism and film clubs. In the database of the non-profit entities that are active in the area of arts and culture, which can be found at http://www.mksr/adresare, there are 66 associations registered, of which 4 deal with the administration of authors' rights. A number of these associations are members of various international professional associations.
The non-profit sector in the area of culture and arts may draw subsidies for their activities from the grant programme of the Ministry of Culture. In Slovakia, there are no special grant programmes for supporting overhead costs of non-profit art and cultural organisations (capital grants).
Information is currently not available.