Spanish cultural policy in the field of music has traditionally combined the protection of intellectual property with support for cultural creation and the strengthening of the music value chain.
Alongside regulatory measures, public policy has addressed issues related to piracy and access to cultural content through a combination of enforcement strategies, awareness campaigns and educational initiatives. Early instruments, such as national anti-piracy strategies, have progressively evolved towards approaches centred on legal access, digital platforms and the promotion of legitimate cultural content. More recent initiatives, such as Cultura en Positivo [Culture in Positive], reflect this shift by encouraging responsible digital consumption and supporting sustainable cultural ecosystems, particularly among younger audiences.
In recent years, policy attention has increasingly focused on the internationalisation and competitiveness of the Spanish music sector. Within this framework, initiatives such as Music by Spain (2026) illustrate a growing emphasis on coordinated international promotion aimed at strengthening the global presence of Spanish artists and music professionals. This approach builds on a broader ecosystem of cultural diplomacy and export support involving institutions such as the Ministry of Culture, the Spanish Agency for International Development Cooperation (AECID), the Instituto Cervantes and Acción Cultural Española (AC/E), alongside sectoral organisations such as Es_Música.
At the territorial level, music policy is increasingly structured through regional strategies and place-based cultural ecosystems. These include funding schemes, support for live music and integrated cultural development programmes. A representative example is the València Music City 25–30 strategy in the Comunitat Valenciana, which frames music as a transversal driver of cultural, social and economic development, combining governance innovation, urban planning and support for the local music industry within a long-term strategic vision.
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