There are three budget levels in cultural funding: federal (central), regional, and local (municipal), providing means for related cultural institutions and activities (see Table 5). New inter-budget relations (see chapter 4.1.2) made co-funding practices more sophisticated and thus problematic for cultural actors.
Table 5: Public cultural expenditure: budget spending by level of government, in billion RUB, 2002-2006
| Culture, arts and mass media | Culture and arts | Mass media | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Budget level | Total |
% share of total | Total | % share of total | Total | % share of total | |
| Federal | 2002 | 20.1 | 30 | 10.2 | 20.5 | 9.9 | 53 |
| 2004 | 28.1 | 29 | 16.8 | 23 | 11.3 | 48 | |
| 2006 | 55.2 | 29.3 | 50.2 | … | 5.0 | … | |
| Regional | 2002 | 47.1 | 70 | 38.4 | 79.5 | 8.7 | 47 |
| 2004 | 69.6 | 71 | 57.5 | 77 | 12.1 | 52 | |
| 2006 | 133.4 | 70.7 | 50.0 | … | 83.4 | … | |
| Municipal | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| Other public authorities | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| TOTAL | 2002 | 67.2 | 100 | 48.6 | 100 | 18.6 | 100 |
| 2004 | 97.7 | 100 | 74.3 | 100 | 23.4 | 100 | |
| 2006 | 188.6 | 100 | 100.2 | 100 | 88.4 | 100 | |
Source: Rossijsky statistichesky ezhegodnik 2003-2006. Ofits. izd. Moskva, 2004-2006. (State Committee of the Russian Federation for Statistics: Russian Statistical Yearbook 2003-2006, Official edition. Moscow, 2004-2006).
In 2007, the culture share in the federal budget was increased to 0.87% (see Table 6) but later it was planned to diminish it gradually. However, in the summer of 2008, budget policies for 2009–2011 were revised upwards and, according to the Prime Minister’s statement, the federal cultural spending was to grow 21% in 2009. In 2009, a federal budget of 109.6 billion RUB was allocated for culture, cinematography and mass media (compared to 88.8 billion in 2008), however the world crisis led to significant cuts already by the end of that year and to a revision of the 2010 budget downwards.
The municipal culture and arts budgets generally cover about 45% of public cultural spending in consolidated regional budgets. The share of public cultural expenditure in consolidated regional budgets averaged 2.26% in 2001 and 1.6% in 2006. It varies a lot by years and among the regions, e.g. in 2000, from 1.14% in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District to 4.82% in the Komi-Permyak Autonomous District and in 2006, relative figures were 0.7% for the Moscow Region and 2.7% for the city of Moscow.
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