3. Cultural and creative sectors
Lithuania
Last update: October, 2025
Lithuania has a Register of Cultural Property in which cultural properties are listed when they require legal protection. The register contains both movable and immovable heritage properties. Immovable heritage properties in the register are classified as cultural monuments, state-protected objects, municipal-protected objects, and registered properties that have not yet been assigned protection status. The register is constantly updated and revised. In 2025, the Lithuanian Register of Cultural Property contained information about 26,481 immovable cultural heritage objects (individual and complex objects and cultural heritage sites) and about 11,022 movable cultural properties. 8,155 immovable cultural heritage objects are on the list of state-protected cultural heritage objects approved by the Minister of Culture, and 2,355 cultural heritage objects are declared national monuments by the Government of the Republic of Lithuania.
Table 7: Number of state-protected cultural heritage units and monuments of cultural heritage in 2017–2025
|
Number Year |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
2021 |
2022 |
2023 |
2024 |
2025 |
|
State protected cultural heritage (units) |
8 139 |
8 189 |
8 210 |
8 221 |
8 175 |
8162 |
8187 |
8159 |
8155 |
|
National Monuments (movable and immovable heritage) |
2 297 |
2 298 |
2 299 |
2 300 |
2 422 |
2 428 |
2439 |
2450 |
2450 |
Source: Official Statistics Portal
According to the Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania, the State is responsible for the protection of Lithuania’s monuments of history and art as well as other cultural monuments and property. The purpose of protecting cultural heritage in the Republic of Lithuania is its preservation and transfer to future generations.
Legal acts of the Republic of Lithuania distinguish between immovable and movable cultural heritage. The protection of immovable cultural heritage is guaranteed by the Law on Protection of Immovable Cultural Heritage (1994). This law defines cultural heritage as “the cultural property inherited, taken over, created and transmitted from generation to generation and significant from the ethnic, historical, aesthetic or scientific point of view”.
The legal act regulating the protection of movable cultural property is the Law on Protection of Movable Cultural Property (1996). Movable cultural property is defined in this Law as “material creations and other objects which are movable based on their designation and nature, hold cultural value and are listed in the State inventories of movable cultural property”. Immovable and movable cultural property is inscribed in the State Register of Cultural Property.
The heritage policy in Lithuania is shaped and implemented by the Ministry of Culture, the Department of Cultural Heritage, the National Commission for Cultural Heritage, and municipalities. The Ministry of Culture organises state administration for the protection of movable and immovable cultural heritage and is in charge thereof. The Department of Cultural Heritage under the Ministry of Culture performs the functions of the protection of immovable cultural heritage and movable cultural properties assigned to it by laws and other legal acts; these functions include maintenance and management of cultural properties, maintenance of accounting and control of cultural heritage, as well as presentation of cultural heritage to the society; the Department also contributes to the formation and implementation of national policies in the area of protection of cultural heritage. The Department is a founder of the state-funded institution, the Centre of Cultural Heritage, which collects and accumulates information on cultural heritage as well as conducts historical and physical research. Another state institution, the Cultural Infrastructure Centre acts as a commissioner of the reconstruction and modernisation works needed for the cultural objects and other institutions under the Ministry of Culture.
The National Commission for Cultural Heritage is the expert and adviser to the Parliament, the President of the Republic, and the Government regarding national policy issues on the protection of immovable cultural heritage. The activities of the Heritage Commission are regulated by the Law of the National Commission for Cultural Heritage (2004). The main mission of the Heritage Commission is to participate in the formation of a policy and strategy for the protection of cultural heritage, to inform the Parliament of the Republic of Lithuania, the President and the Government about the problems regarding heritage protection, and to prepare draft legal acts related to heritage protection.
Despite this extensive institutional system for the protection and maintenance of heritage, heritage policy is the most challenging area of cultural policy in Lithuania due to the insufficient state funding and frequent changes in legislation. For example, between 1997 and 2022, a total of 24 editions of the Law on the Protection of Immovable Cultural Heritage were drafted. Such frequent changes to the Law make the implementation of this Law, as well as its alignment with other laws, very complicated. Funding for the Heritage Maintenance Programme performed by the Department of Cultural Heritage has decreased in recent years, although state budget revenues have increased. According to the National Commission of Cultural Heritage, in 2021, resources needed for reimbursement of the costs of cultural heritage maintenance works to the managers were 4-5 times higher than the allocated state appropriations for Heritage Maintenance Programme.
Municipalities of the Republic of Lithuania also take part in the heritage policy. They have the heritage protection divisions that perform certain functions for the protection of immovable cultural heritage provided for by law; they also issue the sets of conditions for designing protected structures and structures in the territories of protected objects as well as at protected sites, organise the approval of design documentation for the aforementioned structures as well as grant permits to build, reconstruct, repair or demolish the aforementioned structures in accordance with the procedure laid down by the legal acts of the Republic of Lithuania. In 2023, the National Commission for Cultural Heritage performed an Analysis of the Activities of Municipalities in the Field of Cultural Heritage Protection in 2023. According to the analysis, there is a consistent trend of increasing funding for cultural heritage in municipalities. It has been observed for many years and continued in 2023, as half of the municipalities allocated more funds for heritage than in previous years.
Figure 4. Municipal funding allocated to cultural heritage in 1997–2023.
Source: Analysis of the Activities of Municipalities in the Field of Cultural Heritage Protection in 2023.
In the last decade, the most discussed issue in the field of heritage policy is the legacy of the Soviet era. The main opposing sides in these discussions are members of the academic community and representatives of various political and patriotic NGOs. From the point of view of the latter, the Soviet legacy is a glorification of that era and should therefore be removed from the public spaces of Lithuanian towns and cities. The academic community, meanwhile, argues that heritage protection policy should be guided by the principle of the irreversibility of the past and protect the heritage as it is, and not as we would like it to be; cultural heritage must not serve political or ideological interests (see also Chapter 2.9).
Museums
Lithuanian museum infrastructure consists of national, state, municipal, departmental and private or non-state-owned museums. According to the data of the Ministry of Culture, in 2024, there were 111 museums in Lithuania that submitted reports to the Ministry of Culture: 4 national, 16 state, 54 municipal, and 37 departmental. In 2024, the collections of Lithuanian museums contained 8 193 617 museum objects. That year, museums acquired 120 655 objects (in 2023, 133 893 objects were acquired). In 2024, Lithuanian museums welcomed 5 940 180 visitors, which is 3 per cent more than in 2023 (2023 – 5 757 057; 2022 – 4 968 334). This figure includes individual and group visitors, visitors to collections, participants in educational activities, and attendees of museum-organised events. It was a record year for museum attendance (the previous record was 5 757 057 visitors in 2023). The increase in visitor numbers was significantly influenced by major international exhibitions and other events organised by the museums that attracted considerable public interest.
Table 8: Number of exhibits stored in museums in 2024
|
Type of museums |
Number of exhibits |
|
National museums |
2 319 322 |
|
State museums |
2 762 707 |
|
Municipal museums |
2 251 291 |
|
Departmental museums |
860 297
|
Source: Lithuanian Museums Database
Table 9: Number of museums visitors in 2016–2024
|
Number Year |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
2021 |
2022 |
2023 |
2024 |
|
Number of museums visitors (in thousands) |
3 981 |
4 152 |
5 026 |
5 588 |
2 837 |
3 186
|
4 968 |
5 757 |
5 945 |
|
Average number of visitors per museum (in thousands) |
38,7 |
41,5 |
50,3 |
52,2 |
26,8 |
30,1 |
45,2 |
51,9 |
53,5 |
Source: Statistics Lithuania
The policy of museums in Lithuania is shaped and implemented by the Ministry of Culture, the Council of Museums and the Lithuanian Council for Culture. According to the Law on Museums, the Ministry of Culture outlines the strategy of the activity of national and state museums, prepares programmes for the implementation of the strategy and submits them to the Government; prepares drafts of legal acts regulating the activity of museums and submits them to the Government for adoption; coordinates the activity of Lithuanian museums, their participation in cross-border museological programmes; checks how objects stored at museums are accounted for and protected; provides funds for the key programmes of museum activity, restoration and scientific research; appoints, through a public competition, and dismisses the directors of national and state museums whose owner’s rights and obligations are implemented by the Ministry of Culture; appoints, through a public competition, and dismisses the deputy directors – chief curators – of national and state museums whose owner’s rights and obligations are implemented by the Ministry of Culture; arranges the professional development of museum curators and restorers; at the order of the Minister of Culture compiles the list of paid services provided by museums within the competence of the Ministry of Culture. The Council of Museums acts as an expert and consultant on issues related to the formulation and implementation of museum policy.
The Lithuanian Council for Culture provides funding for museums’ educational and other projects. In 2024, the Council allocated EUR 593 300 for 53 museum projects. Lithuanian museums also participate in the heritage digitisation program. According to the Heritage Digitisation Statistics database, in 2024, Lithuanian museums had 1 305 370 digitised objects in their databases or in VEPIS (valstybės elektroninio paveldo informacinė sistema – State Electronic Heritage Information System).
Last update: October, 2025
Archives
Activity of archives is regulated in Lithuania by the Law on Documents and Archives (1995, last edition 2024). The policy of archives is shaped and implemented by the Ministry of Culture, the Office of the Chief Archivist, and the Council of Archives. The Law On Documents And Archives (1995) define the functions of the Ministry of Culture as follow: “the Ministry of Culture shall: 1) shape a national policy in the field of management and use of documents and archives; 2) shape a film heritage protection policy and coordinate the creation of a state film chronicle according to target appropriations of the state budget as well as to the description of the procedure for creation of a chronicle, set by the Minister of Culture; 3) participate in the shaping and implementation of national policy in the field of management and use of European Union documents and archives; 4) coordinate preparation and implementation of strategic planning documents in the field of management and use of documents and archives; 5) upon the instructions of the Government implement part of the rights and duties of the owner of the Office of the Chief Archivist of Lithuania and of the state archives; 6) fulfil other functions related to state administration of documents and archives as set out by legal acts”.
The Office of the Chief Archivist of Lithuania is a government agency which participates in the shaping of national policy in the field of management and use of documents and archives, implements this policy and supports the Chief Archivist of Lithuania in carrying out the state administration of the field of documents and archives. The Council on Archives is an expert institution advising on the issues related to the implementation of the Law on Documents and Archives and assigned to the competence of the Minister of Culture. The archives system in Lithuania is funded from the state budget through the Ministry of Culture. The Lithuanian Council for Culture also has a funding programme for memory institutions, where the archives can participate in a project contest.
The Lithuanian state archives system consists of the Office of the Chief Archivist of Lithuania and 9 state archives. The state archives are divided into two groups: central archives and regional archives. There are 5 central archives: the Lithuanian State Historical Archives, Lithuanian Central State Archives, Lithuanian State Modern Archives, Lithuanian Special Archives, and the Lithuanian Archives of Literature and Art.
The Lithuanian State Historical Archives is the main repository of records for Lithuanian history from the 13th century up to the declaration of the Independence of Lithuania in 1918 (civil registry and vital records up to the present day). The records of state institutions, religious communities, popular organisations and families that are maintained in these archives also reflect the history of Russia, Belarus, Poland, Ukraine, Latvia and other countries. The Lithuanian Central State Archives preserves records of state, local government, enterprises, religious communities, popular organisations, other non-state institutions and individuals, dating from 1918 until 1990. The division of Sound and Image is the main repository of audiovisual heritage in Lithuania. It preserves moving pictures since 1919, photo negatives and positives since the 1850s, sound recordings since the 1950s, and videotapes since 1988 until the present day. The New Archive of the Lithuanian State exercises control over records management in major state institutions (the Parliament, Office of the President of the Republic of Lithuania, Chancellery of the Government, ministries and departments, etc.) It also accumulates and preserves documents of state institutions, popular organisations and individuals, dating from 1990; provides institutions with consultations on the organisation of records management, administration and preservation of documents. The Lithuanian Special Archives preserves records of the former Lithuanian SSR division of KGB, USSR, dating 1940-1991, records of the Lithuanian SSR Ministry of Interior dating 1944-1990 and records of communist and socialist organisations, dating from the 19th c. until 1991, that witnessed the genocide of the Lithuanian people. The Lithuanian Archives of Literature and Art preserves and accumulates records belonging to state institutions, popular organisations and private persons, reflecting the development of culture and art in Lithuania. Most records are from the 20th century. Several documents in the fonds of private persons are dated from the 15th century.
The 4 regional archives preserve documents of the regional municipal, state and non-state institutions, and individuals of the corresponding region.
Table 10: State Archives Activity Indicators for 2024
|
Indicator |
Value |
|
Number of state archives |
9 |
|
Number of employees in the archives |
418 |
|
Quantity of written (paper) documents (in linear metres) |
119 800 |
|
Number of film documents in archives (in thousands) |
10.7 |
|
Number of photo documents in archives (in thousands) |
483.7 |
|
Number of audio documents in archives (in thousands) |
28.9 |
|
Number of video documents in archives (in thousands) |
8.8 |
Source: Official Statistics Portal
Table 11: The number of written requests in archives in 2014–2024
|
Number Year |
2014 |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
2021 |
2022 |
2023 |
2024 |
|
Number of written requests in archives (in thousands) |
31.1 |
29.5 |
30.1 |
25.9 |
31.3 |
32.5 |
30.9 |
30.3 |
31.4 |
32.5 |
32.1 |
Source: Official Statistics Portal
Libraries
The Lithuanian system of libraries is regulated by the Law on Libraries (1995). According to the law, the libraries operating in Lithuania are divided into county public libraries, municipality public libraries, libraries of academic and educational institutions, school libraries, special libraries, and other libraries established by private enterprises, non-governmental organisations and natural persons. There is also 1 National Library which accumulates and stores the national archival fund of published documents, prepares and publishes the Lithuanian state current and national retrospective bibliography, bibliographic indexes of various fields of science, compile summary catalogs and databases, perform international standard numbering of documents published in Lithuania (ISBN, ISSN, ISMN), collects libraries statistics etc.
In 2024, the Lithuanian network of public libraries consisted of 2 136 libraries.
Table 12: Number of libraries by type in 2024
|
Types of libraries
|
Number of libraries |
|
National library – Martynas Mažvydas National Library of Lithuania |
1 |
|
Special library – The Lithuanian Library for the Blind |
1 |
|
County public libraries |
5 |
|
Municipal public libraries |
1 165 |
|
Special libraries |
14 |
|
Museum libraries |
16 |
|
Libraries educational and science institutions |
934 |
|
Total |
2 136 |
Source: : Official Statistics Portal
The National Library is financed directly from the state budget, i.e., budget appropriations for the library are indicated in the state budget on a separate line, and the library is the appropriations manager. County public libraries are financed from the state budget through the Ministry of Culture, and municipal libraries are financed from municipal budgets. Libraries of special literature and higher education institutions get funding from the budget of the library’s owner (high school, science institute, etc). As it is stated in the Lithuanian Cultural Policy Strategy 2030, the network of libraries is the densest network of Lithuanian cultural institutions and the services of libraries are very popular in small towns and villages, where other cultural services are less accessible. However, according to the data of Statistics Lithuania, the number of libraries has been gradually decreasing over the last 10 years. It was only in 2024 that it increased slightly, with 14 new libraries opened in higher education institutions and schools.
Table 13: The number of libraries in Lithuania in 2015–2024
|
Year Number |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
2021 |
2022 |
2023 |
2024 |
|
Number of Libraries |
2 549 |
2 505 |
2 453 |
2 402 |
2 365 |
2 304 |
2214 |
2152 |
2122 |
2136 |
Source: Official Statistics Portal
The services offered by Lithuanian libraries to the general public may be divided into three groups: 1) traditional services of which the main goal is to preserver written heritage and to promote reading, to create conditions for self-education and self-creation of the society, and to develop creativity and imagination; 2) electronic library services which encompass the digitisation of cultural heritage, the creation of digital local information databases (organisation by involving the interested communities), the development of information competencies of residents, and other library services rendered by electronic means; 3) public area (community centre) services which encourage residents to communicate, participate in civil and educational events, initiate projects, and independently form opinions. Despite the variety of services provided, the number of registered users of libraries had been steadily declining until 2022; however, an increase in users was observed in 2023 and 2024.
Table 14: Number of registered users of libraries in Lithuania in 2014–2020 (in thousands)
|
Year Number |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
2021 |
2022 |
2023 |
2024 |
|
Number of registered users of libraries |
1 249 |
1 213 |
1 206 |
1 162 |
1 133 |
1 038 |
967 |
946 |
990 |
1039 |
Source: Official Statistics Portal
The policy of libraries in Lithuania is shaped and implemented by the Ministry of Culture, the Council of Libraries and the Lithuanian Council for Culture. The Ministry of Culture defines the objectives for the development of libraries founded by the state or municipalities and carries out the administration of the provision of public services by libraries, etc. The Minister of Culture is consulted by the Council of Libraries, which takes part as an expert and consulting institution in resolving matters of library policy formation and implementation. The Lithuanian Council for Culture finances projects submitted by libraries on a competitive basis.
Last update: October, 2025
The Lithuanian performing arts institutions system is defined in the Law on Professional Performing Art (2004, last edition 2023). The Law classifies Lithuanian performing arts institutions in national, state, municipal, and other (e. g. private) institutions. In 2025, there were 3 national theatres in Lithuania (the Lithuanian National Opera and Ballet Theatre, the Lithuanian National Drama Theatre, and the National Kaunas Drama Theatre), and 1 national concert organisation (the Lithuanian National Philharmonic Society). The Law prescribes to these institutions the function “to implement state policy in the field of professional performing arts: present to the public the most outstanding national and foreign achievements in opera, ballet, drama and music, represent the work of high artistic value, form the image of Lithuanian culture, consistently develop international creative partnership, foster the receptiveness of society to performing arts and ensure access to professional performing arts for all social groups”. National institutions are financed directly from the state budget, i.e., budget appropriations for the national performing arts institutions are indicated in the state budget on a separate line, and the institutions are the managers of appropriations. They also develop their strategic plans.
The group of state performing arts institutions includes 6 concert organisations and 10 state theatres, including 6 drama theatres, 2 puppet theatres and 2 musical theatres. The state theatres operate in all the larger Lithuanian towns and cities (Kaunas, Klaipėda, Panevėžys, Šiauliai, Marijampolė, and Alytus). All state theatres are provided with their own premises (buildings). They have the legal form of budget organisations (see chapter 4.1.9) and are financed by the Ministry of Culture and municipalities.
Municipal performing arts institutions are owned by municipalities and financed from municipal budgets. The Law on Professional performing Art prescribes to these institutions the functions of the presentation of classical and contemporary professional performing arts works to the public, creation of the conditions for the authors and performers in the region to present their works to the public, development of public demand for professional performing arts and ensuring the access to professional performing arts for all social groups. In 2025, the Ministry of Culture provided information on 19 theatres and concert organisations owned by municipalities.
The exact number of private performing arts organisations in Lithuania is not known. In 2025, the Ministry of Culture provided information on 51 private theatres and concert organisations. The Register of Legal Entities provides information on 120 registered organisations with the word “theatre” in their name that have the legal form of NGO, individual enterprise, etc. The Official Statistics Portal provide information on 53 private theatres. Private or non-governmental performing arts organisations finance their activity from their own income; they can also apply for funding to the Lithuanian Council for Culture and the funds of municipalities. During the last two decades, some Lithuanian private theatres, e.g., the theatre company “Meno Fortas” founded by one of the most famous Lithuanian theatre directors Eimuntas Nekrošius, and the theatre of Oskaras Koršunovas, became well-known not only in Lithuania, but also abroad. Despite the uneven competition with state theatres, as the latter receive direct funding from the Ministry of Culture and have their own premises, Lithuanian private theatres became very popular and the number of their visitors is almost on par with that of state theatres*.
Table 15: The number of theatres and their visitors in Lithuania in 2015–2024
|
Year Number |
2015 |
2016 |
2017* |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
2021 |
2022 |
2023 |
2024 |
|
Number of national and state theatres |
13 |
13 |
13 |
13 |
13 |
13 |
13 |
13 |
13 |
13 |
|
Number of private theatres |
24 |
24 |
39 |
37 |
38 |
36 |
47 |
53 |
53 |
53 |
|
Number of visitors of national and state theatres (in thousands) |
719 |
753 |
767 |
709 |
765 |
305 |
314 |
626 |
679 |
751 |
|
Number of visitors of private theatres (in thousands) |
735 |
526 |
628 |
643 |
698 |
256 |
298 |
696 |
672 |
682 |
Source: Official Statistics Portal
*The number of private theatres had significantly increased in 2017, as the Ministry of Culture changed the rules of granting the status of a professional theatre, and this status was granted to more private theatre organisations. Since 2021, the theatre sample in the Official Statistics Portal has been expanded and included theatres that only toured the country or showed only charity concerts.
The function of disseminating the professional musical culture in the country and abroad has been performed by 7 state concert performers and agencies. The National Philharmonic Society of Lithuania unites 5 musical performance groups: the Lithuanian National Symphony Orchestra, Lithuanian Chamber Orchestra, Vilnius String Quartet, Čiurlionis Quartet, and The Ensemble Musica Humana. Other music organisations, established and financed by the state are the Lithuanian State Symphony Orchestra, the State Philharmonic Society in Kaunas, including the internationally renowned Kaunas State Choir, Lithuanian State Wind Instrument Orchestra “Trimitas”, the National Folk Song and Dance Ensemble “Lietuva”, the State Choir “Vilnius”, and the State Chamber Choir “Polifonija”. Besides their direct activities, these institutions, as well as the other non-governmental organisations, are engaged in the organisation of international professional art festivals and different contests in Lithuania.
The Lithuanian Ministry of Culture is the main political actor in the field of performing arts. According to the Law on Professional Performing Art, the Ministry of Culture shapes the policy of performing arts, drafts laws and other legal acts, promotes international cooperation between professional performing arts institutions and their participation in transnational cultural cooperation programmes, coordinates and controls the activities of state-owned theatres and concert organisations, etc.
The Minister of Culture is consulted by the Council of Professional Performing Arts. The Council performs the functions of an expert and consultant on issues of policy development and implementation of Lithuanian professional performing arts. It is composed of representatives of the Association of Lithuanian Performing Arts Organisations and of professional organisations that work in the field of performing arts.
The role of the municipalities in the field of performing arts policy is also defined in the Law on Professional Performing Arts (2004). Municipalities plan and monitor the activities of municipal theatres and concert institutions, coordinate the participation of municipal theatres and concert institutions in international cultural programmes, and ensure participation of municipal theatres and concert institutions in non-formal education programmes.
When discussing issues in performing arts policy in Lithuania, one of the relevant issues is the absence of data on private theatres. Some of these theatres have been granted the status of a “professional performing arts institution” by the Ministry of Culture, but this status is awarded only if at least three of the five criteria set out in the Law on Professional Performing Art are met: 1) No less than two-thirds of the staged, created, and/or publicly performed performing arts works must be evaluated in monographs, studies, reviews, articles, and other publications by professional art critics in various mass media in Lithuania and/or abroad, and/or the staged, created, and/or publicly performed professional performing arts works must have received at least one Lithuanian or foreign professional performing arts award; 2) Professional performing arts works are collected and made accessible to the public; 3) The institution carries out cultural and educational activities in the field of professional performing arts and ensures measures to increase the accessibility of cultural services; 4) The qualifications of professional performing arts creative staff are improved with the involvement of highly qualified specialists; 5) Professional performing arts works are presented at international professional performing arts events. Not all private theatres are able to meet these criteria; moreover, they often lack motivation to do this, as the only tangible benefit of this status is partial compensation for venue rental, which can be requested from the Ministry.
Another persistent problem in theatre policy is the evaluation of theatres’ activities. In 2018, the National Audit Office of Lithuania carried out an audit of the state theatres and concert organisations to evaluate the efficiency of their governance. The audit report states that the theatres’ funding is not tied to their performance, as the national theatres and concert establishments are not subject to any specific individual requirements. Audit results had also demonstrated that national cultural policy was being formulated without any crucial information on the performance of all of the relevant establishments. In light of these findings, the National Audit Office of Lithuania formulated a number of recommendations for improving the governance of performing arts institutions: to specify the requirements and functions of national, state and municipal theatres and concert organisations in accordance with their purpose; create a management model of these organisations, which would establish additional qualitative performance indicators, revise the procedure for evaluating annual performance, detail performance indicators and determine their values. It is also recommended to periodically evaluate the efficiency of the activities of the institutions and the compliance of their activity with the functions of national or state professional performing arts organisations, and link their funding to the annual performance results. Тhese recommendations, however, are still not implemented.
Last update: October, 2025
Lithuania has two national museums of fine arts, a network of galleries established by the State, municipalities, non-governmental organisations (creative unions and public organisations), higher education institutions, and galleries established at private initiative. According to the data of the Lithuanian Ministry of Culture, there are currently over 50 galleries functioning in Lithuania, but the number is likely to be much higher.
The Lithuanian Art Museum has 10 divisions, 4 of which work as separate galleries: Vilnius Picture Gallery, National Gallery of Art, Pranas Domšaitis Gallery, Pamarys Gallery. Founded in 1933 as Vilnius City Museum, the Lithuanian Art Museum is currently the biggest national establishment that preserves, investigates and displays pieces of art of historical and artistic value. The exhibition halls of the museum display Lithuanian and foreign works of fine and applied art and feature temporary exhibitions of Lithuanian and foreign artists. The museum also has a collection of national folk art.
Established in 1921, the M. K. Čiurlionis National Museum of Art has turned into one of the oldest and largest art museums in Lithuania. The Museum has 11 divisions that operates in Kaunas: M. K. Čiurlionis National Museum of Art, M. Žilinskas Art Gallery, Kaunas Picture Gallery, A. Žmuidzinavičius Creations and Collections Museum, Devils Museum, Historical Presidential Palace of the Republic of Lithuania, A. and P. Galaunė House, L. Truikys and M. Rakauskaitė Memorial Museum, J. Zikaras Memorial Museum, V. K. Jonynas Gallery, M. K. Čiurlionis Memorial Museum.
The main state institution of contemporary art in Lithuania is the Contemporary Art Centre established by the Ministry of Culture and financed from the state budget. The Centre is one of the largest contemporary art venues in the Baltic region. It hosts a diverse programme of exhibitions and events dedicated to contemporary art, aiming to enrich the cultural life of the city and the local and international discourse on contemporary art.
Visual arts and crafts are also featured in galleries and exhibition centres of creative unions. Lithuanian Artists’ Association (LAA) has established 10 galleries in Vilnius, Kaunas, Klaipėda and Panevėžys and set up 6 divisions of production: Ltd “Vilnius art” (Vilniaus dailė), and non-profit organisations LAA’s Publishers “Artseria”, the Centre of Sculpture and Stained Glass, the Centre of Vilnius Graphic Arts, the House of Artists (“Dailininkų namai”) in Palanga and Arts Fund. The Lithuanian Photographers Association runs four galleries in Vilnius, Kaunas and Klaipėda.
In 2009, the Lithuanian Art Gallerists’ Association organised the first visual arts fair ArtVilnius, which became the greatest annual event dedicated to the contemporary visual arts in Lithuania. ArtVilnius takes place in the Exhibition and Congress Centre LITEXPO and every year has over 23 000 visitors, with about 65 art galleries from a dozen or so countries participating (Germany, Estonia, Latvia, Poland, Ukraine, Lithuania, Belarus, the Netherlands, Russia, Italy, and France). The applications of galleries wishing to participate in the art fair are reviewed and selected by a jury made up of art critics and art market experts, thereby ensuring the professionalism of the galleries at the fair.
Creative unions of visual arts and crafts, individual artists and their organisations can apply for funding to Lithuanian Council for Culture. The Council has special funding programmes for fine art, photography, and interdisciplinary arts. Funding in each of these programmes are given for the following activities: 1) professional creation and its dissemination in Lithuania and abroad; 2) events; 3) accumulation of information (archiving, documentation) and its dissemination; 4) publishing; 5) professional criticism and analysis; 6) networking and mobility; 7) co-production; 8) Developing of mastery and education.
The Lithuanian Council for Culture also awards three types of grants for individual artists. The Individual Grant is awarded to encourage the creative expression of an individual artist or cultural creator and amounts to EUR 800 per month. The Mobility Grant is awarded for carrying out an artist’s or cultural creator’s activities abroad—promoting international cooperation, improving mastery, and participating in residencies, traineeships, competitions, symposia, creative camps, conferences, or other similar events. The Mobility Grant is a one-off payment, disbursed upon signing an agreement with the grantee, and is up to EUR 4 000. The Young Artist Grant is awarded to foster the creative activities of artists and cultural creators at the start of their careers. It amounts to EUR 800 per month. The Individual and Young Artist grants are awarded for a period of no longer than one year.
Municipalities fund the visual arts through their programmes. The second large Lithuanian city, Kaunas, implements a programme, Kaunas Highlights, that invites artists to submit projects in the fields of sculpture, design, fine art, and light installation. Participants can choose to decorate any place in Kaunas City with their works. The requirements for projects are uniqueness, individuality, originality, and overall harmony with the environment. Kaunas City Municipality funds up to 100 per cent of the implementation costs of the project. The programme started in 2017 and until 2025, 142 projects of visual arts have been funded. Regrettably, at the end of 2021, the great idea of the Kaunas Highlights programme was overshadowed by the news that the projects would no longer be evaluated by a commission of visual arts experts. Since then, the question of which artworks will appear in Kaunas’s public spaces has been considered by five municipal employees and one politician. Based on their recommendations, the director of the Kaunas city municipality administration makes the decision. This constantly sparks debates and doubts about the artistic value of the works being installed in the city.
Last update: October, 2025
The issue of cultural and creative industries appeared in the Lithuanian cultural sector in the 2000s. The definition and classification of the creative industries was discussed at a conference "Creative Industries: a European Opportunity" (2003) and during the forum "European Opportunity: Creative Industries for Regional Development" (2005), both held in Vilnius. In 2002, the Municipality of Vilnius City gave a right to use the old building complex of typography in the city centre to several performing arts NGO’s as well as individual artists. The building was named the Arts Printing House (Menų spaustuvė) and became the first infrastructural complex for creative industries in Lithuania.
In 2007, the Minister of Culture approved the first Strategy of Support and Development of the Creative Industries. The strategy defined the creative industries as activities that are based on the individual's creative abilities and talents and whose purpose and outcome is intellectual property, and which can create material wealth and workplaces. According to the strategy, the creative industries included crafts, architecture, design, film and video production, publishing, visual and applied arts, music, software and computer services, advertising, radio and television programming and broadcasting, advertising, and performing arts.
In 2008, the National Association of Creative and Cultural Industries was established. The association participates in culture and high education policy formation, offers recommendations concerning Government and EU financial investment programs and financial measures in support of the CCI sector, communicates the value of the CCI sector for the state economy and public welfare; collects the CCI related information, communicates the CCI related political news, promotes collaboration between science and entrepreneurship, stimulates innovation, creative partnerships, launches research and conducts trainings.
In 2009-2013, the Lithuanian Ministry of Economy implemented the programme of the development of the network of arts incubators funded by the EU structural funds. During the programme, the Ministry invested 22.24 million EUR and a total of 12 incubators were established. However, the 2017 study Ecosystem of Arts Incubators in Lithuania revealed a range of obstacles preventing their effective activity.
In 2023, the Lithuanian Parliament adopted the long-term national strategy Lithuania 2050. The strategy reflects a national vision and priorities for development as well as guidelines for their implementation (see chapter 1.1). In 2020, the Lithuanian Government adopted the National Development Plan of Lithuania for 2021-2030, which is the main planning document of state changes for the next 10 years. Innovativeness (creativity), together with sustainable development and equal opportunities, are considered the horizontal principles of the plan. Cultural and creative industries are mentioned in the 9th objective of the first goal: to increase the potential of cultural and creative industries and promote the development of new products and services based on creative content.
Table 16: Key indicators of Lithuanian Cultural Industries
|
Year Key indicators |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
2021 |
2022 |
2023 |
2024 |
|
Cultural employment (% of total employment) |
4.0 |
3.6 |
3.7 |
4.0 |
3.9 |
4.0 |
4.0 |
4.1 |
4.0 |
4.1 |
|
Number of cultural enterprises |
10 195 |
10 957 |
11 653 |
12 560 |
13 333 |
14 146 |
26 622* |
29 246 |
- |
- |
|
Value added at factor cost – million euro / percentage |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Printing and reproduction of recorded media |
74.8 / 0.48 |
71.8 / 0.43 |
74.7 / 0.4 |
79.3 / 0.38 |
102.6 / 0.45 |
108.3 / 0.44 |
123.30 |
123.21 |
- |
- |
|
Retail sale of books in specialised stories |
5.8 / 0.04 |
6.1 / 0.04 |
6.7 / 0.04 |
7.0 / 0.03 |
8.0 / 0.03 |
7.1 / 0.03 |
9.46 |
8.82 |
- |
- |
|
Retail sale of newspapers and stationery in specialised stories |
10.4 / 0.07 |
12.4 / 0.07 |
14.6 / 0.08 |
13.4 / 0.06 |
15.0 / 0.07 |
14.6 / 0.06 |
17.00 |
23.90 |
- |
- |
|
Book publishing |
11.7 / 0.07 |
12.2 / 0.07 |
11.6 / 0.06 |
13.1 / 0.06 |
12.7 / 0.06 |
19.3 / 0.08 |
22.27 |
23.30 |
- |
- |
|
Publishing of newspapers |
20.2 / 0.13 |
19.9 / 0.12 |
19.3 / 0.1 |
17.9 / 0.09 |
18.8 / 0.08 |
18.3 / 0.08 |
17.81 |
18.54 |
- |
- |
|
Publishing of journals and periodicals |
10.9 / 0.07 |
9.7 / 0.06 |
10.3 / 0.06 |
12.5 / 0.06 |
12.5 / 0.05 |
12.3 / 0.05 |
13.36 |
12.31 |
- |
- |
|
Publishing of computer games |
5.2 / 0.03 |
9.3 / 0.06 |
5.3 / 0.03 |
11.3 / 0.05 |
11.0 / 0.05 |
15.6 / 0.06 |
7.19 |
22.23 |
- |
- |
|
Motion picture, video and television programme production, sound recording and music publishing activities |
19.4 / 0.12 |
22.3 / 0.13 |
26.8 / 0.14 |
32.4 / 0.15 |
41.1 / 0.18 |
34.3 / 0.14 |
36.35 |
47.65 |
- |
- |
|
Programming and broadcasting activities |
27.2 / 0.17 |
24.6 / 0.15 |
27.3 / 0.15 |
29.5 / 0.14 |
30.1 / 0.13 |
33.5 / 0.14 |
45.19 |
48.45 |
- |
- |
|
News agency activities |
1.0 / 0.01 |
1.2 / 0.01 |
1.2 / 0.01 |
1.6 / 0.01 |
1.3 / 0.01 |
1.4 / 0.01 |
1.58 |
2.11 |
- |
- |
|
Architectural activities |
46.6 / 0.3 |
48.0 / 0.28 |
48.6 / 0.26 |
54.6 / 0.26 |
48.4 / 0.21 |
53.7 / 0.22 |
60.47 |
72.30 |
- |
- |
|
Specialised design activities |
9.3 / 0.06 |
11.9 / 0.07 |
15.7 / 0.08 |
18.6 / 0.09 |
16.8 / 0.07 |
17.4 / 0.07 |
24.61 |
28.30 |
- |
- |
|
Photographic activities |
9.7 / 0.06 |
11.2 / 0.07 |
12.4 / 0.07 |
14.8 / 0.07 |
13.9 / 0.06 |
12.9 / 0.05 |
15.95 |
15.75 |
- |
- |
|
Translation and interpretation activities |
13.9 0.09 |
14.2 0.08 |
13.0 0.07 |
16.1 0.08 |
16.4 / 0.07 |
19.1 / 0.08 |
20.37 |
23.54 |
- |
- |
|
All cultural sectors |
275 |
284 |
298.3 |
330.4 |
348.60 |
367.80 |
414.91 |
470.41 |
|
|
|
Exports of cultural goods as a percentage of total exports (all countries of the world) |
0.39 |
0.42 |
0.38 |
0.47 |
0.38 |
0.39 |
0.35 |
0.32 |
0.33 |
- |
|
Imports of cultural goods as a percentage of total imports (all countries of the world) |
0.27 |
0.28 |
0.23 |
0.31 |
0.28 |
0.31 |
0.27 |
0.21 |
0.24 |
- |
Source: Eurostat
*From 2021, Eurostat expanded the cultural enterprises aggregate under the new European Business Statistics regulation to include C18, C3212, C322, G4761, G4762, G4763, M742, M743, N7722, and 85.52 (cultural education). Pre-2021 data (the historical series cult_ent_h) don’t include those codes; hence, the figures were much lower.
Last update: October, 2025
The publishing industry in Lithuania is supported by the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Lithuania, the Lithuanian Council of Culture, and the Lithuanian Culture Institute. In 2014 - 2016, the Ministry of Culture implemented the first National Literature Programme that had five strategic directions: support of the creators of literature, reading promotion, strengthening the institutions operating in the field of literature and its dissemination, their cooperation and coordination, increasing the awareness of Lithuanian literature in the world, and facilitating the development and dissemination of children's and young people's literature. While implementing this programme, the Ministry established an advisory Council of Literature that acts as an expert and consultant in formulating and implementing the policy of literature and its dissemination to this day.
The Lithuanian Council for Culture supports literature and publishing through its programme for literature and individual grants for writers. The literature programme funds the following activities: 1) professional creation and its dissemination in Lithuania and abroad; 2) events; 3) accumulation of information (archiving, documentation) and its dissemination; 4) publishing; 5) professional criticism and analysis; 6) networking and mobility; 7) co-production; 8) development of mastery and education. In 2014-2025, the Council has financed 851 literature projects and allocated EUR 5 190 178 to them. It also awarded 890 individual grants to writers, allocating nearly €3 million.
The Ministry of Culture encourages writers, translators and critics of literature with annual awards and premiums for the best works: the Armchair of the Translator of the Year (in cooperation with the Lithuanian PEN Centre), St. Jerome’s Prize (in cooperation with the Lithuanian Association of Literary Translators), as well as the Yotvingian Prize and the Young Yotvingian Prize (in cooperation with the Association “Druskininkai Poetic Fall”). Martynas Mažvydas Premium for merits to the Lithuanian language, history of writing and book art is awarded for the best research achievements in Lithuanian literature, language history, culture and book science.
The reading promotion is performed by the Ministry of Culture and state libraries. The first reading promotion programme was approved in 2006, and since then, it has been constantly updated. The programme supports various reading promotion initiatives and projects. The most popular of them is the election of the “Book of the Year” (organised by Martynas Mažvydas National Library of Lithuania), the “Top 12 Most Creative Books” competition (organised by the Institute of Lithuanian Literature and Folklore), the summer reading action “Reading challenge”, and the event “Lithuania Reads” (coordinated by the Lithuanian Publishers Association) organised on 7 May, the Press Recovery Day.
The Lithuanian Culture Institute implements the Translation Grant Programme that supports the translations of Lithuanian literature into foreign languages. The programme has been ongoing in Lithuania since 2001; it was first run by the public institution “Books from Lithuania”, but since 2010, the work has been continued by the Lithuanian Culture Institute. Over the 25 years since the establishment of the programme, it has supported the translation of 568 Lithuanian literary works into 53 languages. The Lithuanian Culture Institute also provides information about Lithuanian authors to foreign publishers, publishing and translation houses and organisations; organises presentations of Lithuanian writers’ books at international book fairs, creative symposiums, and other events.
The literature dissemination function is also performed by the international Vilnius Book Fair. The fair is the major event of the Lithuanian book publishing industry that has been organised since 1999. During the twenty-six years of its existence, Vilnius Book Fair has become the biggest and most important book fair in the Baltic States. It gives a possibility to evaluate the whole publishing market of Lithuania and the neighbouring countries, and to get to know new names of the literary world. The Fair is also the main meeting place of publishers, authors, and readers. Over 500 cultural events are held annually during the four opening days, and the Fair attracts more than 60 000 visitors. The main accent of the Fair is on books and cultural events, as well as on the possibility for authors to interact with their readers.
Data on Lithuanian books and the press publishing industry is provided by the National Library and the Official Statistics Portal. According to the National Library, in 2024, the number of publishers who have published at least one book, brochure or booklet was 481, although the number of publishing houses that actively operate in the Lithuanian publishing market is around 50. The Lithuanian Publishers Association, established in 1989, currently unites 56 active publishing houses as well as NGO’s mostly concentrating on specialised publishing. In 2024, Lithuania’s book publishers released 3 144 books with a total print run of 5 375 900 copies. The number of titles has changed little over the past 10 years—fluctuating around 3.1–3.5 thousand—while print runs have been declining. Meanwhile, the number of people who read is growing, as is the average number of books read. Over the past decade, the share of residents who read at least one printed book rose from 62% in 2014 to 69% in 2024. The average number of books read per resident changed from 7.4 in 2014 to 9.5 in 2024.
Table 17: Number of published titles of books and brochures by type and year
|
|
Number of titles of books and brochures |
||||||||||
|
Books and brochures by purpose |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
2021 |
2022 |
2023 |
2024 |
Total by purpose |
|
Scientific literature |
352 |
277 |
257 |
215 |
269 |
200 |
189 |
202 |
162 |
159 |
2282 |
|
Legal literature |
20 |
21 |
12 |
11 |
12 |
1 |
11 |
17 |
11 |
5 |
121 |
|
Educational literature for schoolchildren |
321 |
263 |
355 |
265 |
186 |
236 |
163 |
176 |
133 |
238 |
2336 |
|
Educational literature for students |
175 |
145 |
113 |
97 |
94 |
56 |
61 |
72 |
57 |
48 |
918 |
|
Informative literature for children |
66 |
106 |
110 |
109 |
120 |
102 |
107 |
89 |
95 |
101 |
1005 |
|
Popular literature |
800 |
830 |
778 |
832 |
1 009 |
897 |
882 |
912 |
847 |
777 |
8564 |
|
Fiction for adults |
919 |
879 |
920 |
818 |
1 011 |
1 022 |
1 230 |
1 109 |
1 012 |
1 102 |
10022 |
|
Fiction for children |
418 |
457 |
376 |
415 |
407 |
461 |
571 |
499 |
482 |
442 |
4528 |
|
Reference literature |
165 |
137 |
131 |
160 |
192 |
141 |
121 |
123 |
123 |
124 |
1417 |
|
Others |
339 |
157 |
139 |
153 |
179 |
141 |
142 |
144 |
124 |
148 |
1666 |
|
Total each year |
3575 |
3272 |
3191 |
3075 |
3479 |
3257 |
3477 |
3 343 |
3 046 |
3 144 |
32859 |
Source: Official Statistics Portal
Part of the Lithuanian publishing industry consists of the printed and electronic press. According to the data from the Official Statistics Portal and the media research company KANTAR, there has been a steady decline in publishing and reading of printed media over the last 10 years. According to the KANTAR data of 2023, at least one issue of a periodical was read by 68.6 % of the 15-74 years old Lithuanian population, and this is 15.4 % less than in 2013. The number of newspaper titles diminished almost in half, from 222 in 2015 to 120 in 2024. Annual circulation of newspapers copies diminished by more than half, from 97 650 in 2015 to 40 829 in 2024.
Table 18: The statistics of the Lithuanian printed media industry in 2015–2024
|
Year Indicators |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
2021 |
2022 |
2023 |
2024 |
|
Number of newspaper titles (units) |
222 |
216 |
207 |
188 |
184 |
168 |
154 |
140 |
132 |
120 |
|
Annual circulation of newspapers (copies) |
97 650 |
93 162 |
84 409 |
79 304 |
72 924 |
63 781 |
56 534 |
54 650 |
47 485 |
40 829 |
|
Number of periodicals titles (units) |
550 |
566 |
541 |
527 |
538 |
491 |
473 |
466 |
448 |
435 |
|
Annual circulation of periodicals (copies) |
52 461 |
50 080 |
46 399 |
42 746 |
42 201 |
39 127 |
37 822 |
37 111 |
33994 |
31130 |
Source: Official Statistics Portal
Till 2023, the financial support for printed and electronic media had been allocated by the Press, Radio and Television Support Foundation. The Foundation implemented 6 funding programmes, 4 of which were related to the press industry: 1) periodicals of culture and art; 2) national periodical press; 3) regional periodical press; 4) the internet media. In 2024, the Press, Radio and Television Support Foundation was abolished, and its function was overtaken by the new Media Support Fund. The Fund provides state support through four programs: 1) cultural media and cultural periodicals; 2) regional media; 3) news, investigative, and educational journalism; 4) media in national minority languages and media for the Lithuanian diaspora. In 2024, the Media Support Fund had financed 329 projects and allocated EUR 5 931 380.
Table 19: Results of the funding competition of the Press, Radio and Television Support Foundation of 2017-2023
|
Year
Programme |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
2021 |
2022 |
2023 |
|
Number of funded projects/ Amount allocated, in EUR |
Number of funded projects/ Amount allocated, in EUR |
Number of funded projects/ Amount allocated, in EUR |
Number of funded projects/ Amount allocated, in EUR |
Number of funded projects/ Amount allocated, in EUR |
Number of funded projects/ Amount allocated, in EUR |
Number of funded projects/ Amount allocated, in EUR |
|
|
Periodicals of culture and arts |
30 / 565 000 |
33 / 545 000 |
32 / 653 034 |
30 / 641 407 |
28 / 654 098 |
29 / 758 019 |
19 / 764 773 |
|
National periodical press |
33 / 221 120 |
34 / 212 800 |
35 / 247408 |
34 / 262 772 |
30 / 252 527 |
30 / 282 900 |
25 / 289 327 |
|
Regional periodical press |
99 / 641 670 |
89 / 614 500 |
88 / 650116 |
84 / 644 986 |
77 / 643 545 |
80 / 759 601 |
57 / 747 600 |
|
Internet media |
71 / 431 252 |
73 / 429 000 |
75 / 414090 |
79 / 413 500 |
81 / 417 100 |
86 / 474 299 |
72 / 477 200 |
|
Total |
233 / 1 859 042 |
229 / 1 801 300 |
230 / 1 964 648 |
227 / 1 962 666 |
216 / 1 967 270 |
225 / 2 274 819 |
173 / 2 278 900 |
Source: The Press, Radio, and Television Support Foundation
In general, the Lithuanian publishing and press policy of the last 10 years is directed to the promotion of reading, creation of national literature and dissemination of Lithuanian literature abroad. From these three directions, the Lithuanian Cultural Policy Strategy 2030 emphasises the promotion of reading. The Strategy states that it is necessary to support a positive public attitude towards reading, to develop a culture of reading and to strengthen schoolchildren’s reading abilities through creative promotion of literature and books.
Last update: October, 2025
Film
There are three main institutions that shape and implement Lithuanian film policy: the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Lithuania, the Film Policy Council and the Lithuanian Film Centre.
While shaping and implementing the national cultural policy in the field of cinema, the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Lithuania performs the following functions laid down in the Law on Cinema: 1) forms national film policy and prepares drafts of laws and other legal acts in the field of cinema; 2) analyses the trends of cinema development in the Republic of Lithuania and in foreign countries, initiates and drafts strategic planning documents in the field of cinema (concepts, strategies, programmes), and carries out the monitoring of implementation of these documents; 3) upon the assignment of the Government of the Republic of Lithuania or the Prime Minister, represents the Republic of Lithuania in foreign countries or international organisations; within its competence and in accordance with the established procedure maintains contacts with respective foreign institutions and international organisations and, in accordance with the procedure provided for by the Republic of Lithuania Law on International Treaties, concludes and implements the international treaties; 4) coordinates and controls the activities of the Lithuanian Film Centre under the Ministry of Culture.
The Ministry of Culture is consulted by the Film Policy Council. The Council is a collegiate and advisory institution under the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Lithuania, dealing with the issues of the Lithuanian film policy. Its goal is to address the key film policy issues and provide the Minister of Culture with proposals and conclusions concerning the strategic planning and measures of strengthening the field of cinema, development programmes and their aims and reached outcomes, state funding, preservation of film heritage, the drafting and/or improvement of legal acts governing the field of cinema, as well as other film related issues pointed out by the Minister of Culture.
The Lithuanian Film Centre is a state institution established in 2012 under the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Lithuania. The functions of the Film Centre are defined by the amendment on the Law on Film (2002) of 2011. According to the law, the Film Centre: 1) participates in the formation of State film policy; 2) implements State film policy and exercises the functions entrusted thereto in accordance with the Law and other legal acts; 3) organises film project tenders for State funding; 4) awards grants to film creators; 5) carries out activities of cinema education and dissemination of film culture; 6) collects and publishes information and statistics on Lithuanian cinema; 7) performs indexation of films according to the age limit of the audience for films intended to be shown in cinemas; 8) supervises the compliance of legal and natural persons with the requirements for the public showing of cinema and the procedure for registration of films in the Film Register; 9) collects film heritage and ensures its accessibility.
According to the data of Lithuanian Film Centre, in 2025, in the Lithuanian film industry there have been working 44 film production companies, 11 film production service companies, 11 professional associations, 3 local film offices, 18 film distributors, 21 cinemas, and 8 other companies that provide services of post-production, film montage, casting, camera rental, search for filming locations, sound recording and subtitling. Lithuanian and foreign films are featured in 13 Lithuanian film festivals and events.
Table 20: Facts and figures of the Lithuanian film industry 2015–2024
|
Year Indicators |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
2021 |
2022 |
2023 |
2024 |
|
Average admissions per capita |
1.13 |
1.29 |
1.44 |
1.53 |
1.48 |
0.55 |
0.48 |
1.06 |
1.2 |
1.26 |
|
Total number of admissions* |
3 330 518 |
3 668 370 |
4 060 159 |
4 265 414 |
4 141 900 |
1 533 084 |
1 337 598 |
2 994 844 |
3 441 727 |
3 641 122 |
|
Gross Box Office (in EUR) |
15 391 806 |
17 724 516 |
20 392 625 |
22 444 111 |
22 495 265 |
8 475 003 |
7 754 385 |
18 106 268 |
21 422 715 |
23 534 512 |
|
Lithuanian films gross box office (in EUR) |
2 126 232 |
3 463 809 |
4 536 088 |
6 250 538 |
4 417 603 |
1 981 467 |
489 947 |
3 687 217 |
3 231 097 |
5 195 988 |
|
Average ticket price (in EUR) |
4.62 |
4.83 |
5.00 |
5.26 |
5.43 |
5.53 |
5.80 |
6.05 |
6.23 |
6.46 |
|
Total number of cinemas |
32 |
29 |
27 |
28 |
26 |
25 |
27 |
22 |
22 |
21 |
|
Domestic films market share, % |
13.81 |
19.50 |
21.47 |
27.9 |
19.64 |
21.87 |
6.17 |
19.3 |
14.7 |
20.54 |
|
European films market share, % |
17.80 |
8.50 |
14.00 |
11.8 |
18.12 |
23.73 |
16.39 |
11.77 |
13.45 |
12.12 |
|
US films market share, % |
65.48 |
71.50 |
64.62 |
58.7 |
57.74 |
52.21 |
76.65 |
67.62 |
65.96 |
64.50 |
|
Other countries films market share, % |
2.91 |
0.50 |
0.94 |
1.6 |
4.91 |
2.19 |
0.8 |
1.31 |
5.89 |
2.85 |
|
Total number of national premieres |
10 |
13 |
11 |
22 |
27 |
13 |
11 |
26 |
33 |
24 |
|
Total number of national feature films produced |
11 |
21 |
15 |
28 |
19 |
14 |
15 |
18 |
17 |
18 |
|
Total number of films distributed |
290 |
291 |
309 |
356 |
383 |
271 |
251 |
341 |
402 |
394 |
Source: Lithuanian Film Centre
* Excluding festival admissions
After the restoration of independence in 1990, the Lithuanian film industry was one of the smallest in Europe. During the first decade of independence, only 25 domestic feature films were created, while during the second and third decades, about 250 films were created. The situation changed in 2012 with the establishment of the Lithuanian Film Centre, which became the main cinema financing institution.
Table 21: Total budget of the Lithuanian Film Centre in 2015–2024
|
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
2021 |
2022 |
2023 |
2024 |
|
|
Budget of Lithuanian Film Centre (in EUR) |
3 078 652 |
3 524 850 |
4 619 000 |
6 423 000 |
6 411 000 |
13 058 350
|
7 240 509
|
8 298 000
|
8 561 000 |
11 071 000 |
Source: Lithuanian Film Centre
A positive impact on the Lithuanian film industry was made by the Film Tax Incentive that came into effect in January 2014 as a new policy measure to foster local and foreign film production in Lithuania. The incentive is regulated by Article 172 of the Lithuanian Law on Corporate Income Tax (2001), which supplements the Law with the provision about the reduction of taxable income due to funds granted free of charge for the production of a film or a part thereof (see chapter 4.1.4). The incentive is available for feature films, TV films, documentaries and animated films. The scheme involves a foreign production company, a Lithuanian production company, a local business company providing financial support for the production and the Lithuanian Film Centre that administers the scheme. The foreign production company can save up to 30 % of its Lithuanian production costs, while the local business is motivated to invest in film production by a profit tax break.
In the period of 2014-2024, 561 productions have benefited from the Lithuanian Film Tax Incentive by getting a total of EUR 107.8 million in investment for film production. The scheme was used by 111 foreign films, 106 co-productions, and 344 national films. Investments for film production were granted by 368 local companies in amounts ranging from 1000 to over 1.6 million euros. In 2024, Lithuanian business companies invested more than 18 million euros through this scheme.
After these two political steps – the establishment of the Lithuanian Film Centre in 2012 and the introduction of the tax incentive in 2014 – the production of domestic films increased in Lithuania by almost 50 per cent compared to the period of 2009–2011. However, in 2020 and 2021, the number of films made has decreased due to the constraints related to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Table 22: Domestics Films produced in 2011–2024
|
Year Genre |
2011 |
2012 |
2013 |
2014 |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
2021 |
2022 |
2023 |
2024 |
|
Feature films |
2 |
4 |
11 |
8 |
11 |
21 |
15 |
21 |
17 |
11 |
13 |
12 |
16 |
11 |
|
Documentary |
9 |
18 |
17 |
18 |
11 |
18 |
5 |
22 |
16 |
17 |
15 |
24 |
18 |
9 |
|
Short films |
19 |
1 |
5 |
7 |
9 |
9 |
14 |
7 |
12 |
5 |
10 |
10 |
8 |
10 |
|
Animations |
8 |
10 |
7 |
7 |
4 |
10 |
7 |
4 |
7 |
1 |
5 |
9 |
2 |
5 |
|
Total |
38 |
33 |
40 |
40 |
35 |
58 |
41 |
54 |
52 |
34 |
43 |
55 |
44 |
35 |
Source: Lithuanian Film Centre
Radio and Television
According to the data of the Lithuanian Radio and Television Commission, in 2025, there were 127 TV and radio companies in Lithuania: 26 broadcast TV programmes, 3 of them broadcast TV online, 12 also re-broadcast TV, and 2 also broadcast radio programmes; 37 companies broadcast only radio; 34 companies re-broadcast TV, 4 of them also re-broadcast radio; 2 companies broadcast on the Internet only; 8 companies provide on-demand audiovisual media services only; 19 companies provided on-demand audiovisual media services using video-sharing platforms (see chapter 2.5.3 for more about media policy and content).
Till 2023, the financial support for domestic programmes of radio, television and other sectors of the Lithuanian audiovisual industry was provided through the Press, Radio and Television Support Foundation. The Foundation implemented 6 funding programmes, 2 of which were related to the radio and TV. In 2024, the Press, Radio and Television Support Foundation was abolished, and its function was overtaken by the new Media Support Fund. The newly established Fund provides state support through four programs: 1) cultural media and cultural periodicals; 2) regional media; 3) news, investigative, and educational journalism; 4) media in national minority languages and media for the Lithuanian diaspora. In 2024, the Media Support Fund had financed 329 projects and allocated EUR 5 931 380.
Table 23: Fund allocation of the Press, Radio and Television Support Foundation in 2017–2023
|
Year
Programme |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
2021 |
2022 |
2023 |
|
Number of funded projects/ Amount allocated, in EUR |
Number of funded projects/ Amount allocated, in EUR |
Number of funded projects/ Amount allocated, in EUR |
Number of funded projects/ Amount allocated, in EUR |
Number of funded projects/ Amount allocated, in EUR |
Number of funded projects/ Amount allocated, in EUR |
Number of funded projects/ Amount allocated, in EUR |
|
|
National radio and television broadcasting |
34 / 403 081 |
33 / 394 740 |
37 / 406 980 |
41 / 411 000 |
43 / 404 500 |
43 / 482 485 |
32 / 470 100 |
|
Regional radio and television broadcasting |
40 / 206000 |
39 / 248 500 |
40 / 204 000 |
50 / 201 300 |
46 / 206 180 |
36 / 253 796 |
33 / 239 000 |
|
Total |
74 / 609 081 |
72 / 643 240 |
77 / 610 980 |
91 / 612 300 |
89 / 610 680 |
79 / 736 281 |
65 / 709 100 |
Last update: October, 2025
There is no systematic policy on the music industry in Lithuania. The Lithuanian Ministry for Culture shapes and supports only national or state music organisations that are seen as a part of the performing arts sector (see chapter 3.3 for more information). The popular music industry, its value chain and ecosystem are not analysed, shaped or supported by any state institution. Nevertheless, there are some important public initiatives that aim to systematise the information about the Lithuanian music industry and disseminate it abroad. One of them is Music Information Centre Lithuania (MICL). The Centre was set up in February 1996 as the information and publishing branch of the Lithuanian Composers' Union. In 1998, it became a member of the International Association of Music Information Centres. From 2001, the centre has been functioning as a public body (its founder being the Lithuanian Composers' Union) that realises recordings of Lithuanian composers and publishes the scores of their work, accumulates and updates information on them in a database, catalogues and archives their compositions.
In 2006, the Centre began to implement the project Music Lithuania, which aimed to represent the Lithuanian music industry at international music expos. Since then, the Centre organises Lithuania’s national stands at international music industry expos, disseminates and promotes compilations of music, coordinates concerts of music by Lithuanian composers and performers abroad, as well as presents information on various musical genres on its website.
The online database of MICL contains information on Lithuanian composers, songwriters, improvisers, sound artists and performers (with more than 400 profiles with catalogues of compositions and / or a discography). The Manuscripts Archive consists of the scores and individual instrument parts of orchestral, chamber and choral classical and contemporary works by Lithuanian composers (with almost 6 000 original manuscripts or copies of them). The Sound Archive consists of classical and contemporary music by Lithuanian composers (more than 7 600 unreleased recordings and about 2300 releases). The library holds published scores (almost 5 000 works), as well as books, periodicals, photographs, etc.
The other public organisation of the Lithuanian music industry is the Lithuanian Music Business Association, which was established in 2015. It unites several companies of management and event organisation from the music industry and seeks to encourage and support cooperation between their members in order to achieve common goals in the fields of education, export and lobbying. The main project of the Association is an international showcase festival and conference on innovations and new opportunities in the music industry (What’s Next in Music?), organised annually together with Arts Fabric “Loftas”.
Despite the lack of a systematic policy of the music industry in Lithuania, there is a huge number of music composers and performers that take part in 45 regularly occurring music festivals. Lithuanian cities and villages regularly host about 18 classical music festivals, 11 jazz, 11 folk, 5 pop rock and 5 electronic music festivals. Some of them are partly funded by municipalities, the Lithuanian Council for Culture or private sponsors.
Lithuanian municipalities have orchestras, jazz bands and folk ensembles that are financed on regular basis. Music projects are regularly funded by the Lithuanian Council for Culture, which also has a grant programme for individual music performers and composers.
Lithuanian music creators and performers also earn income from copyright. Three organisations work in this area: LATGA, AGATA, and AVAKA. LATGA (Lietuvos autorių teisių gynimo asociacijos agentūra) is Lithuania’s collective management organization for authors’ copyright. It represents creators of music (composers and lyricists), literature, visual arts, drama and more. LATGA licenses uses like public performance, broadcasting, online communication, reproduction (including reprography) and sync, then collects and distributes royalties to authors. It also administers the private-copying levy for authors and maintains work registrations so users can actually identify and clear rights. Beyond collections, LATGA does policy and education to keep copyright rules usable in real life.
AGATA is Lithuania’s collective management organisation for neighbouring rights—it represents recording artists (performers) and phonogram producers (labels). It licenses the public use of recorded music (in shops, venues, radio/TV, etc.) and collects the statutory remuneration from users. The money is then distributed to rightsholders according to verified usage data and legal rules. AGATA also administers private-copying levies and provides practical guidance to businesses on lawful music use.
AVAKA (Audiovizualinių kūrinių autorių teisių asociacija) is Lithuania’s collective management organisation for audiovisual authors— film/TV directors, screenwriters, cinematographers, and other creators of screen works. It licenses the secondary use of audiovisual content (broadcast, cable retransmission, public communication, copying, etc.) and collects/distributes royalties to those authors. AVAKA also manages the authors’ share of the private-copying levy and negotiates tariffs with broadcasters, platforms, and venues. They handle repertoire data and claims so rightsholders actually get paid for real-world uses.
Table 24: AGATA – collected royalties for the public use of music (per issued VAT invoices)
|
Year |
2020 |
2021 |
2022 |
2023 |
2024 |
|
Amount collected by AGATA |
2 969 281 |
3 306 761 |
3 643 989 |
4 112 263 |
4 761 468 |
|
Number of rightsholders represented by AGATA |
9 864 |
10 848 |
11 465 |
12 415 |
13 131 |
|
Amount collected by LATGA for public use of music |
5 336 910 |
5 181 244 |
6 905 422 |
7 780 252 |
9 094 296 |
|
Number of rightsholders represented by LATGA |
5 368 |
5 870 |
6181 |
6 543 |
6 933 |
Source: AGATA activity reports, LATGA activity reports
Last update: October, 2025
Design
Design policy in Lithuania is shaped and implemented by two Ministries: the Ministry of Economy and Innovation and the Ministry of Culture. The Ministry of Culture supervises various cultural initiatives of the design sector and copyright. The Ministry of Economy and Innovation is responsible for design export and the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises.
The financial support for the design sector is provided by several institutions. The Council for Culture provides funding for various projects of design and other design-related initiatives, such as publications, events, education, and festivals, and supports individual designers with grants. The Council also administers the project “Design wings” that aims to bring together “talent, knowledge and expertise to create competitive design solutions based on the principles of digital, innovation and circular economy, small and medium-sized enterprises of design”. A total of EUR 3 176 470 has been allocated to fund the project for 2024–2028.
The Ministry of Economy and Innovation funds design through its Agency for Innovation. This is a national innovation agency that provides free services for clients from the business, science and public sectors, interested in possibilities to develop strong cooperation relations with international partners and get financial support for research and innovation projects. It funds certain design work (especially eco-design and exhibition stand design). There is also a financial institution ILTE, which works like a national development bank and provides loans and guarantees to businesses, including to design studios or for project costs related to design.
Despite various financing sources and two Ministries that are concerned with design, the Lithuanian policy of design is not systematic and has been quite neglected for a long time. Until 2015, Lithuania had no design policy strategy, although there were some “bottom-up” initiatives aimed at preparing such a strategy. For example, in 2008, Vilnius Academy of Art commissioned the study The Complex Development of Lithuanian Design, which was conducted by the international design research team Mollerup Designlab. The study provided the development plan of the Lithuanian design sector for seven years, which was presented to the Ministry of Education. However, the plan was not adopted.
In 2014, the Design Innovation Centre of Vilnius Academy of Art conducted a feasibility study of the development of the Lithuanian design sector. One of the recommendations of the study was a proposal to establish a national Design Council, whose long-term activities would include the maintenance of communication between public authorities, business companies, design agencies, and educational institutions, as well as consultation about the design policy.
In 2015, on the basis of the above-mentioned study, the Lithuanian Ministry of Culture adopted the Guidelines for the Development of Architecture and Design. The document established five development guidelines: 1) to strengthen informal education in architecture and design, and to increase literacy of the general public and professionals in architecture and design; 2) to develop the science and knowledge transfer by promoting innovation in architecture and design; 3) to strengthen cooperation between different sectors of society; 4) to increase the visibility of design in society and to raise the awareness of the influence of design on the social and economic development of the country and its impact on innovation; 5) to increase the visibility of architecture in society and to raise the awareness of the influence of architecture on the sustainable urban development, quality of life, environmental protection and the economy.
In 2019, the Lithuanian Design Forum Association carried out a feasibility study about the establishment of the coordinating institution of the Lithuanian design sector. The study identified the main issues that hinder the development of an efficient ecosystem of design: under-representation of the sector at various levels; ill-matched functions of design institutions; miscommunication between different design sectors; and lack of cooperation and coordination of activities. Also, as it is stated in the study, Lithuania did not have a consistent Law on Design that would be appropriate for contemporary design understanding and improvement of the design sector’s performance. Although, Lithuanian Parliament had adopted the Law on Design in 2002, the Law dealt only with industrial design of products and lacked the definition of design in up-to-date terms consistent with contemporary models of design activities. The study proposed to establish a single central institution responsible for coordinating the design sector – the Lithuanian Design Office.
In 2019, the first step towards the consistent design policy was taken - the Ministry of Economy and Innovation of the Republic of Lithuania and the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Lithuania established a joint unit - the Design Council. The task of the Council is to contribute to the development of a long-term continuous design policy by submitting to the Minister of Culture and the Minister of Economy and Innovation proposals and recommendations on the issues concerning the strategic planning of design sector, programmes and measures of design development, priorities, and sources of public funding for design, protection of design heritage, strengthening of international competitiveness of Lithuanian design industry, etc.
Architecture
In 2001, Lithuania became a member of the Architects' Council of Europe (ACE) and began the process of organising its activities in compliance with European legislation on architecture and building policy. The activity of architects is regulated by the Law on Construction (1996), Law on Architects’ Chamber (2006) and the Law on Architecture (2017).
The policy of architecture is shaped and implemented in Lithuania by the Ministry of Culture and the Ministry of Environment. The Ministry of Environment develops spatial planning, urban planning, architecture, and construction policy, organises, coordinates, and controls its implementation, as well as makes recommendations to municipalities in the field of architecture in the territories of municipalities. The Ministry of Culture protects and develops the immovable architectural, urban and ethno-cultural heritage. The most important political document prepared by the Ministry of Culture for architecture is the Guidelines for the Development of Architecture and Design (see above).
The Lithuanian Council for Culture funds projects of architecture under its special programme. The Council provides funding for the following activities: 1) professional creation and its dissemination in Lithuania and abroad; 2) events; 3) accumulation of information (archiving, documentation) and its dissemination; 4) publishing; 5) professional criticism and analysis; 6) networking and mobility; 7) co-production; 8) mastery development and education. In 2020–2024, the Council allocated 1 016 091 EUR for 88 projects of architecture and awarded 106 individual grants for architects.
The Architects' Chamber was founded in 2006. The objective of the Chamber’s activities is to ensure the transparency and quality of architectural activities, to oversee architect certification, recognition of qualifications, professional qualification development and compliance with professional ethics standards, to carry out monitoring of professional activities, to represent architects in dealings with state and self-governance institutions and other legal and natural persons at both the national and international level, to act as an expert in courts and other institutions on issues concerning the professional activities of architects, to satisfy and defend public interest related to architecture, and to resolve other related issues. In 2025, the Architects’ Chamber had 1 253 members and 12 439 architectural works registered in the Chamber’s database.
The Architects Association of Lithuania (AAL) (founded in 1924) is a voluntary NGO that unites the licensed architects of Lithuania. In 2025, AAL had 644 members, 538 of which have the status of artists. The organisation has 5 sections in 5 different cities.
On 22 November 2019, the Lithuanian Architects’ Chamber, AAL, the Architectural Fund and the International Kaunas Architecture Festival published a public letter appealing to the President, Prime Minister and other leading figures to establish the Lithuanian Centre of Architecture, which is a necessary institution to implement the Lithuanian national policy of architecture. The centre would document, collect, preserve, research and disseminate architectural works to the public and foreign visitors. In 2021, the Ministry of Culture carried out a feasibility study on the possibility of adapting the building of Kaunas Central Post Office to the needs of society. The building, designed by the famous Lithuanian architect Felix Vizbar (1880 – 1966), is one of the most prominent buildings of Kaunas’ modernist architecture of the interwar period. As of 2019, the building is no longer in use, as the Lithuanian Post has moved to another premises. The authors of the feasibility study recommended establishing an Architectural Centre in the building that could present Lithuanian architecture and design. In 2022, the Ministry of Culture acquired the building and established the National Institute of Architecture, which will be housed in the building following its renovation in 2027.
Last update: October, 2025
The Lithuanian tourism industry is regulated by the Law on Tourism (1998). The Ministry of Economy and Innovation of the Republic of Lithuania is responsible for the policy of the development of tourism, resort and resort areas and the implementation of the functions of international cooperation in the field of tourism. The main objectives of the Ministry are as follows: to identify tourism development priorities, promote the development of competitive tourism products, reduce seasonality in tourism, and increase the number of tourists visiting Lithuania. The Tourism Policy Division of the Ministry is responsible for international agreements in the field of tourism as well as for maintaining relations with diplomatic missions of foreign countries and the Republic of Lithuania.
In 2018, the Lithuanian Government abolished the State Department of Tourism under the Ministry of Economy and Innovation and established a new public institution, Lithuania Travel (VšĮ ‘Keliauk Lietuvoje’), that started to work on 1 January 2019. The reform was made with the aim of separating tourism marketing and control functions. The new institution, Lithuania Travel, carries out marketing and tourism promotion functions and is responsible for raising the awareness of Lithuania as a tourism destination and for the development of inbound and local tourism. Lithuania Travel is subordinated to the Ministry of Economy and Innovation. The function of the supervision of tourism service providers that was also performed by the Department of Tourism was transferred to the State Consumer Rights Protection Authority. The authority is responsible for the supervision of tour operators, retailers, tour package sellers and accommodation providers, as well as for the representation of the interests of tourists in the event of an insolvency or bankruptcy of the tour operator.
Lithuania’s tourism strategy is set out in the document Lithuania’s Tourism Roadmap, approved by the Ministry of the Economy and Innovation in 2024. It sets out Lithuania’s tourism vision: “A sustainable and inclusive tourism sector that makes a significant contribution to Lithuania’s economy, is competitive in the region, and resilient to crises.” The main strategic target—the indicator for Task 1.12 under Strategic Goal 1 in the National Progress Plan—is to be achieved by 2030: to increase the share of gross value added created by the tourism sector in total gross value added to 4.47%. To achieve the strategic goal and implement the vision, actions are planned in line with the European Union’s Roadmap (Transition Pathway): the green transition, digital transition, sector resilience and governance, workforce and skills, and effective marketing.
By 2025, Lithuania’s tourism sector had largely recovered from COVID-19 restrictions. The number of tourists slightly exceeded the 2019 level (+1.7%), however, almost entirely due to domestic travellers (+26% vs 2019), while foreign arrivals remained about a quarter lower (–25%). Overnight stays were close to—but still below—2019 (–3%): domestic nights hit a record high (+15%), whereas foreign nights were down by roughly a quarter (–25%). The average stay shortened from about 2.22 to 2.10 nights per tourist, driven by shorter domestic trips.
Table 25: Number of tourists in Lithuania in 2017–2024
|
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
2021 |
2022 |
2023 |
2024 |
|
|
Total |
3 253 200 |
3 620 400 |
4 037 749 |
2 180 912 |
2 447 867 |
3 825 203 |
3 992 050 |
4 105 565 |
|
Citizens of Lithuania |
1 669 400 |
1 875 700 |
2 099 777 |
1 659 641 |
1 943 302 |
2 675 666 |
2 622 501 |
2 656 513 |
|
Foreigners |
1 583 800 |
1 744 700 |
1 937 972 |
521 271 |
504 565 |
1 149 537 |
1 369 549 |
1 449 052 |
Source: Lithuania Travel
Table 26: Number of overnight stays in 2017–2024
|
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
2021 |
2022 |
2023 |
2024 |
|
|
Total |
7 364 900 |
8 091 600 |
8 946 758 |
5 092 967 |
5 511 663 |
8 073 130 |
8 473 828 |
8 640 124 |
|
Citizens of Lithuania |
3 933 700 |
4 354 800 |
4 804 232 |
3 947 449 |
4 331 653 |
5 458 686 |
5 471 881 |
5 537 953 |
|
Foreigners, total |
3 431 200 |
3 736 900 |
4 142 526 |
1 145 518 |
1 180 010 |
2 614 444 |
3 001 947 |
3 102 171 |
Source: Lithuania Travel
